Sara Smolinsky in The Bread Givers :: essays research papers

During the early 1920s the Great Depression took place. The Great Depression affected many people's lives. The immigrants caught the worst of it. They had just come from another country and were trying to start their new lives when the depression hit. They had to struggle once more with poverty and desperation in taking care of their families, the main reason they had left their old countries was to escape the same epidemic that was now overtaking ?the land of the free?. Immigrants, such as the Jewish immigrants, had to live in poverty-stricken ghettos without the necessities they needed to live healthy lives. The 1920s was the time of rapid change, it was the time of risque fashion, it was the time of which that if you were rich and had all the latest fashions then you were ?in? but if you did not then you were an outcast. In the novel The Bread Givers, there was a Jewish family, the Smolinsky family, that had immigrated from Russia to America. The family consisted of four daughters, a father, and a mother. The family lived in a poverty-stricken ghetto. The youngest of the daughters was Sara Smolinsky, nicknamed ?Iron Head? for her stubbornness. She was the only daughter that was brave enough to leave home and go out on her own and pursue something she wanted without the permission of her father. The Smolinsky family was very poor, they were to the point of which they could not afford to throw away potato peelings, and to the point of which they had to dig through other people?s thrown out ash in order to gather the coal they needed. They could not afford to buy themselves new clothes or new furniture. The Smolinsky family was living in the time of the Great Depression. They had left Russia in order to escape the poverty and harshness only to reach America and find themselves in a similar situation. The Great Depression engulfed many families, drowning them in poverty and forcing them to become desperate enough to beg for food. The Smolinsky family was no exception. The depression was difficult enough for the original American citizens much less the immigrants with nothing but the shirts on their backs. The Smolinsky family suffered just as much from this as did other immigrant families. The Youngest of the Smolinsky daughters, Sara Smolinsky, was the most strong willed of her sisters. Sara Smolinsky in The Bread Givers :: essays research papers During the early 1920s the Great Depression took place. The Great Depression affected many people's lives. The immigrants caught the worst of it. They had just come from another country and were trying to start their new lives when the depression hit. They had to struggle once more with poverty and desperation in taking care of their families, the main reason they had left their old countries was to escape the same epidemic that was now overtaking ?the land of the free?. Immigrants, such as the Jewish immigrants, had to live in poverty-stricken ghettos without the necessities they needed to live healthy lives. The 1920s was the time of rapid change, it was the time of risque fashion, it was the time of which that if you were rich and had all the latest fashions then you were ?in? but if you did not then you were an outcast. In the novel The Bread Givers, there was a Jewish family, the Smolinsky family, that had immigrated from Russia to America. The family consisted of four daughters, a father, and a mother. The family lived in a poverty-stricken ghetto. The youngest of the daughters was Sara Smolinsky, nicknamed ?Iron Head? for her stubbornness. She was the only daughter that was brave enough to leave home and go out on her own and pursue something she wanted without the permission of her father. The Smolinsky family was very poor, they were to the point of which they could not afford to throw away potato peelings, and to the point of which they had to dig through other people?s thrown out ash in order to gather the coal they needed. They could not afford to buy themselves new clothes or new furniture. The Smolinsky family was living in the time of the Great Depression. They had left Russia in order to escape the poverty and harshness only to reach America and find themselves in a similar situation. The Great Depression engulfed many families, drowning them in poverty and forcing them to become desperate enough to beg for food. The Smolinsky family was no exception. The depression was difficult enough for the original American citizens much less the immigrants with nothing but the shirts on their backs. The Smolinsky family suffered just as much from this as did other immigrant families. The Youngest of the Smolinsky daughters, Sara Smolinsky, was the most strong willed of her sisters.

Absolutism and Democracy

What would happen if you got two different governments going head to head, fighting to see who is better? What if those two governments were Democracy and Absolutism? In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries, they were both used, and one was more effective; But which one? In this time period, Absolutism was the best form of government, because it was effective and worked for the people. In an Absolutism government, or a Monarchy, it was believed the Kings worked with God, and He bestowed them with the power to be King.In Document Two, King James said, â€Å"Kings are not only God’s lieutenants upon earth†¦ But even by God himself they are called gods†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is because the people believed Kings have powers similar to God’s. Kings can create and destroy; Can judge, but are not judged; Give life or send death. The people honestly believed because of this, they worked together with God. Their teamwork with God is why Kings were accepted by the people, a nd why Absolutism was accepted as well. Related article: Political Parties Are Pillars of DemocracyKings used fear to gain control over the people, which is why they didn’t fight against it. Machiavelli wrote in The Prince that a prince needs to be feared by the people; Not loved and well liked. He would be incapable of being able to hold power over the people. If there wasn’t a King, then there would be no control in the government. People would be deciding everything for themselves, and it would end in disaster.The King/ Prince kept them in line, and the people didn’t revolt. â€Å"The head alone has the right to deliberate and decide, and the functions of all the other members consist only in carrying out the commands given to them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  King Louis XIV said that the King is the only person able to give the right orders, and make the right decisions. Everyone else was there to follow through on what he said. The interest of the state must come before the individual.The King was the only pers on capable of making sure the right decisions were made, and that the other members carried out the commands. So as you can see, Absolutism would win against Democracy in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries. It was more efficient, and worked well for them. The Kings had the power, and everyone was content with how things were set up. The people felt like this was how it ought to be, and it was. That is why Absolutism is the best form of government in this time period.

Nietzsches Idea of Eternal Return

The idea of eternal return, or eternal recurrence, has existed in various forms since antiquity. Put simply, its the theory that existence recurs in an infinite cycle as energy and matter transform over time. In ancient Greece, the Stoics believed that the universe went through repeating stages of transformation similar to those found in the wheel of time of Hinduism and Buddhism. Such ideas of cyclical time later fell out of fashion, especially in the West, with the rise of Christianity. One notable exception is found in the work of Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), a 19th-century German thinker who was known for his unconventional approach to philosophy. One of Nietzsches most famous ideas is that of eternal recurrence, which appears in the penultimate section of his book The Gay Science. Eternal Recurrence The Gay Science is one of Nietzsches most personal works, collecting not only his philosophical reflections but also a number of poems, aphorisms, and songs. The idea of eternal recurrence—which Nietzsche presents as a sort of thought experiment—appears in Aphorism 341, The Greatest Weight: What, if some day or night a demon were to steal after you into your loneliest loneliness and say to you: This life as you now live it and have lived it, you will have to live once more and innumerable times more; and there will be nothing new in it, but every pain and every joy and every thought and sigh and everything unutterably small or great in your life will have to return to you, all in the same succession and sequence—even this spider and this moonlight between the trees, and even this moment and I myself. The eternal hourglass of existence is turned upside down again and again, and you with it, speck of dust! Would you not throw yourself down and gnash your teeth and curse the demon who spoke thus? Or have you once experienced a tremendous moment when you would have answered him: You are a god and never have I heard anything more divine. If this thought gained possession of you, it would change you as you are or perhaps crush you. The question in each and every thing, Do you desire this once more and innumerable times more? would lie upon your actions as the greatest weight. Or how well disposed would you have to become to yourself and to life? Nietzsche reported that this thought came to him suddenly one day in August 1881 while he was taking a walk along a lake in Switzerland. After introducing the idea at the end of The Gay Science, he made it one of the fundamental concepts of his next work, Thus Spoke Zarathustra. Zarathustra, the prophet-like figure who proclaims Nietzsche’s teachings in this volume, is at first reluctant to articulate the idea, even to himself. Eventually, though, he proclaims that eternal recurrence is a joyful truth, one that should be embraced by anyone who lives life to the fullest. Oddly enough, eternal recurrence doesnt figure too prominently in any of the works Nietzsche published after Thus Spoke Zarathustra. However, there is a section dedicated to the idea in The Will to Power, a collection of notes published by Nietzsche’s sister Elizabeth in 1901. In the passage, Nietzsche seems to seriously entertain the possibility that the doctrine is literally true. It is significant, however, that the philosopher never insists on the ideas literal truth in any of his other published writings. Rather, he presents eternal recurrence as a sort of thought experiment, a test of ones attitude toward life. Nietzsche’s Philosophy Nietzsches philosophy is concerned with questions about freedom, action, and will. In presenting the idea of eternal recurrence, he asks us not to take the idea as truth but to ask ourselves what we would do if the idea were true. He assumes that our first reaction would be utter despair: the human condition is tragic; life contains much suffering; the thought that one must relive it all an infinite number of times seems terrible. But then he imagines a different reaction. Suppose we could welcome the news, embrace it as something that we desire? That, says Nietzsche, would be the ultimate expression of a life-affirming attitude: to want this life, with all its pain and boredom and frustration, again and again. This thought connects with the dominant theme of Book IV of The Gay Science, which is the importance of being a â€Å"yea-sayer,† a life-affirmer, and of embracing amor fati (love of one’s fate). This is also how the idea is presented in Thus Spoke Zarathustra. Zarathustra’s being able to embrace eternal recurrence is the ultimate expression of his love for life and his desire to remain â€Å"faithful to the earth.† Perhaps this would be the response of the ÃÅ"bermnesch or Overman who Zarathustra anticipates as a higher kind of human being. The contrast here is with religions like Christianity, which see this world as inferior, this life as a mere preparation for a better life in paradise. Eternal recurrence thus offers a notion of immortality counter to the one proposed by Christianity. Sources and Further Reading Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Gay Science (Die Frà ¶hliche Wissenschaft). Trans. Kaufmann, Walter. New York: Vintage Books, 1974.Lampert, Laurence. Nietzsches Teaching: An Interpretation of Thus Spoke Zarathustra. New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 1986.Pearson, Keith Ansell, ed. A Companion to Nietzsche. London UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2006.  Strong, Tracy B. Friedrich Nietzsche and the Politics of Transfiguration. Expanded ed. Urbana IL: University of Illinois Press, 2000.

Gender Equality in Pakistan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1350 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Society Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Gender Essay Did you like this example? GENDER EQUALITY IN PAKISTAN Women representation in business management has been the focus of public debates for years. But in Pakistan this has only recently started to occur. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s world, the work force in most countries gives opportunities for women as much as they give for men. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gender Equality in Pakistan" essay for you Create order In European culture gender diversity is taken as a value-driver in organizational strategy and corporate governance. And this has become a challenging topic in the recent times. A higher ratio of female workers with in the firm will result in increased firm value, productivity and profitability. In Pakistan the amount of women involved in the work force is relatively low. This essay will highlight the women representation in business management in Pakistan. Pakistan currently ranks the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s second-worst country in terms of gender in equality. Womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s struggle for empowerment has been an issue in Pakistan since the old days, which is still not over. We turn the focus on women because they have traditionally been the marginalized gender in countries like Pakistan. Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) in partnership with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) undertook a Country Gender Profile study with a purpose to understand t he overall status of women and men from gender equality perspective. The period in focus is from 1999 to 2007. The aim was to analyze the environmental, socio cultural context, traditions and human behaviors that have an impact on how gender inequality occurs in Pakistan. (Pakistan: Country Gender Profile, July2008, Jica, SDPI,,https://www.jica.go.jp/pakistan/english/office/others/pdf/CGP_01.pdf). From studies carried out in Pakistan education was highlighted as one of the major reasons for the gap between male and female workers. The education system in Pakistan still suffers form problems like low public spending and poverty. The poor conditions of public schools in Pakistan leads to most parents keeping their kids specially the females form going out. Staying at home becomes a lifestyle at some point. A vast majority of the women in rural areas are involved in house hold work and in agricultural activities as unpaid family work. This is because of the less opportunities for th e women in these areas to find work. Also because most females do not have the qualifications required to start working. Which takes us back to the lack of education. Female ownership of an important asset or land is a rare thing in Pakistan. Laws have been made in the past years to allow women to work but the lack of awareness and old customs stop the numbers from growing. In the recent years women involved in the work force have increased in number but their voices are never heard on debates. Another reason for females not coming out to work is lack of support for them by the managers. Maternity leaves are not easily given which makes it hard for women to hold on to their jobs and are forced out. Although according to the law women have to be given 12 months of maternity leave with a 100% wage by their employers. But since most companies do not really provide the required cooperation females prefer to stay home and not work at all. The unemployment rate in Pakistan gets higher by every age group. They are the last ones to get a job and the first ones to loose it. And ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s been like that since the old days. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The figure above shows the primary school gross enrollment rate between Males and Females in Pakistan. Although the numbers change very little between the years the number of females who get enrolled in primary school is really less compared to the number of males. This shows that the gap between education is also high which leads to less females getting the chance to work in the top firmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  As per the latest Human Development rankings, 2007/2008, Pakistan, with the HDI ranking of 136 out of a total of 177 countries, comes under the band of MHDC.(Pakistan:CountryGenderProfile,July2008,Jica,SDPI,,https://www.jica.go.jp/pakistan/english/office/others/pdf/CGP_01.pdf). Pakistan is also on the Global gender Gap statistics top 10 worst countries in terms of the equality in the work force. For women, the Isl amic Republic of Pakistan is one of the worst of countries to live in. There are only two other countries worse off than is Pakistan, which are Yemen and Chad. IN terms of under economic participation, Pakistan is ranked 126 out of 128. In statistics collected from Educational attainment Pakistan is ranked, 123 out of 128. Health facilities, 121 out of 128. Political empowerment, 43 out of 128. Surprisingly, Pakistani women are worse off this year than they were last year (https://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp? id=107809). These figures can be improved and in the past few years the Pakistani government has taken a few steps to make a change. Five new women centers were established and a program was held to help young females in Pakistan spreading awareness about how they have the opportunity of working in big firms. It training was carried out for elected women councilors with in the local government. All these plans and policies carried out by the Government have been put to work to ensure that status of women is improved in the country. In addition to this National Policy for the Development and Empowerment has been developed in 2002. Which gave the chance for many NGOs to come and work in Pakistan to spread awareness among young and adult females who are keep to work in the top companies but didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t get a chance due to the small things that are holding them back. Norms restricting womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s mobility are closely linked to issues of purdah and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“izzatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (honor) (Mumtaz and Salway (2005)). This has also been of the main reasons why women are holding back and prefer to stay home rather than work. Most of the women say that streets are not safe enough for them to be active out side their homes in a survey done in Pakistan. Improvements can be made to reduce criminal activity and violence with in the city in order to encourage more women to go and work. Companies can make their firms more invit ing and make the work place female friendly so that women will get more interested in joining the firms. A good start can be by offering them senior positions as much as men are offered. Making the working hours flexible by allowing work to be done at home can be a good change too. Last but not least making the maternity leave easy for female workers. This has been a big problem in Pakistan but it can be easily improved by introducing a more flexible procedure to be followed for when they need the maternity leave. By providing them with more options. The government of Pakistan is continuously trying to balance the low academic standards by encouraging primary education and educating the young population on the available opportunities. However, the old customs followed in the country is what stops the process from improving. This situation can be made better by introducing new laws, which enforce both genders to finish school up to some extent. The country as a whole has to try an d improve their rankings on the gender equality charts. REFERENCES D. S. Langdon, T. M. McMenamin and T. J. Krolik, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“US Labor Market in 2001: Economy Enters a Recession,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Monthly Labor Review, Vol. 125, No. 2, 2002, pp. 3-33. Bergen Von, B. Soper and J. A. Parnell, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Workforce Diversity and Organizational Performance,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Equal Opportunities International, Vol. 24, No. 3-4, 2005, pp. 1-16 Z. Burgess and P. Tharenou, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Women Board Directors: Characteristics of the Few,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2002, pp. 39-49. doi:10.1023/A:1014726001155 A. J. Hillman, A. A. Canella and I. C. Harris, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Women and Racial Minorities in the Boardroom: How Do Directors Differ?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Management, Vol. 28, No. 6, 2002, pp. 747-763. C. Daily, S. Certo and D. Dalton, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Decade of Corporate Women: Some Progress in the Boardroom, None in the Executive Suite,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1, 1999, pp. 93-99. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199901)20:1lt;93::AID-SMJ18gt;3.0.CO;2-7

The Problem Of Child Abuse - 1388 Words

Child Abuse Community Agency To solve the problem we must first understand it. As a young person I believe that the issue of child abuse needs to be addressed. It is crucial for society to comprehend the extensive problems that it causes and how it impacts people. Child abuse is the physical, sexual or emotional maltreatment or neglect of a child or children. Anything deliberately to hurt a child or young person physically, sexually, emotionally or psychologically is child abuse. The five subtypes that can be distinguished in this definition are; physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and neglect. Neglect is usually overlooked by many but it refers to the failure to provide for a child’s basic needs, including failure to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, supervision, hygiene or medical attention. Neglectful behaviours could be physical, emotional, educational or environmental (Child Family Community Australia, 2012). These forms of abuse can occur anywhere where the child is in contact or has interactions with other people like. It predominantly occurs in the child’s home and exposure to abuse also harms children. Child abuse affects, the child being maltreated, families, schools and the community. When a child is maltreated their behaviour can become aggressive, they can be irritable and that can be difficult for teachers because if the child is disconnected from their education, they can have hard time fitting in and not enjoy their time atShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Child Abuse1134 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowing paper is about Child Abuse. This paper will look into the description of the problem, the policies that has helped solved the problem, involvement in resolving the problem, and person recommendations on changing the approach of the problem. Description of the Problem/History Child abuse is a form of any sexual activity that a child doesn’t give consent to. Whether it may be sexually or physically if the child is not mentally ready it is still a form of abuse. Child abuse also can lead to differentRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse Essay1338 Words   |  6 PagesChild abuse Recently, one of the most alarming problems in America is child abuse. In fact this problem threaten the future of the country which lies in its youth energy and mind because of this problem the society, cannot brought up a generation can be relied upon, but they brought up a generation of criminals do not want anything except the destruction of the society, which was the reason for the demolition of their lives. According to World health organization child abuse is physical, sexual orRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse1055 Words   |  5 Pages One of the biggest problems children deal with, especially younger ones is child abuse. â€Å"In 2009, the child protective services across the country received 3.3 million reports of child abuse. The farther the child protective services would investigate they discovered more than 700,000 children that had been abused or mistreated.† (Kauchak and Eggen 51) The U.S Congress in the Family Services Act of 1988 came up with a definition of all types of abuse. (Mufson and Kranz 26) There is neglect, emotionalRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse994 Words   |  4 PagesAbuse is to treat a person or object with cruelty or violence, and usually happens more than once. Child abuse is when a parent or caregiver through action or failing to act, will cause injury or will cause death to a child. This happens in many different ways, neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse and emotional abuse. Every year more than three million reports of child abuse are filed and every year that number increases. This is a problem that has happened for over one hundred years. The baby boomerRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse880 Words   |  4 PagesThese are activities that are targeted at members of the community and general population with the aim to raise awareness about the problems of child abuse. It involves an approach that targets helping families and children before child abuse occurs and not intervening after the harm has been don e. This is very essential as every child deserves to grow up and be nurtured in an environment that is safe and stable which helps in the child’s total development such as the physical, emotional, cognitiveRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse1945 Words   |  8 Pagescare for them. Samantha had completing the 11th grade and during the summer before her senior year of High School, she realized she was pregnant again. This time Samantha was pregnant with triplets. This time she lost two babies and the remaining child was at risk of autism. The doctors discovered that the babies’ brain wasn’t developing as it should be. Teens do not realize the responsibilities that came along with having sex, especially unprotected sex. Teen pregnancies can be reduced withRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse1909 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Child abuse is a rising topic of discussion in sociological debates across the nation due to the increased awareness concerned professionals are bringing to it. The issue has long been diagnosed as generational and cyclic in nature, where children who receive abuse grow up and replicate the process on their own offspring, and so on and so forth. This analysis attempts to illuminate possible connections between various factors within the parent’s lives that may correlate to child abuse in theRead MoreChild Abuse Is A Worldwide Problem1037 Words   |  5 Pagesafraid to go home because of what awaits. Child abuse is a worldwide problem and it doesn’t matter what age, religion, gender, or ethnicity you are, it happens everywhere. It is neglecting, emotional, physical, and sexual maltreatment. Child abuse has serious physical and psychological consequences which affect the health and overall well-being of a child. There are different forms of maltreatment, abuse can res ult in bad consequences, check for signs of abuse, the statistics, and how people can helpRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Sexual Abuse1194 Words   |  5 PagesTopic/Problem Around the world there are sexual abuse victims suffering everyday from fear, pain, and emotions. â€Å"20.7% of adults report being sexually abused as a child† (Child Help, 2011). Often between the lines sexual abuse can be classified as a wide range of actions between a child and adult. Among many individuals that have been sexual abused on a legal criteria later report the emotions of feeling scared or hopeless in later relationships. Studies show that these sexual abuse survivors haveRead MoreThe Social Problem Of Child Abuse Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesThese social problems can either affect the economy, humans, and neighborhood communities ranging from local or national. One social problem that has increased among humans today is child abuse. Child abuse is the physical mistreatment of a child by a parent or caregiver who is held responsible for a child at their time of care. It can be physical, sexual, or psychological. These forms of abuse can happen in many pla ces, including the home, schools, or camps. Physical abuse is an abuse where someone

Coldplay by Coldplay free essay sample

My state of sadness brought me to what is now something so dear and close to my heart. Coldplay Music would pull me out of the black hole I felt like I was living and disappearing through and into world of my own that I adored. It was quiet, yet so loud. Almost like on the first day of school when there is that one class that you just don’t know anybody in and you feel so lonely in such a crowded room. It is a sand paper kind of feeling; rough. â€Å"Life goes on it gets so heavy† This one lyric shouts a million different things to me. There is a reason for life. Times will get hard. You will want to give up. Never end something worthwhile for something temporary. Life goes on. Sometimes I feel as if I may not be where I am today, or even here if It wasnt for Chris, Johnny, Will and Guy. We will write a custom essay sample on Coldplay by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They have been inside of me, in my heart for so long and they are taped and stapled on me. Their music will forever be stuck in my head. Not the bad kind of stuck in your head like that one annoying song that your favorite radio station plays on repeat, but the kind that is stuck in my head to keep me on my feet; to keep me from sinking, tripping back into my black hole. For me my conscious was pushed over and it now shares itself with Coldplay’s lyrics. â€Å"Look at the stars, look how they shine for you† You are beautiful I feel as though this song was made for girls in general. Every girl goes through that one point in their lives that completely turns them upside down, tears them apart, and makes them feel Ugly. Worthless. Lonely. Oh, how I despise those words. Yet through those sand paper kinds of times, there is always somebody pulling their hair out, screaming that you are beautiful, nothing close to worthless, and the farthest thing away from lonely. Some may choose to listen while some may choose to turn away. If you feel like anything these lyrics are describing, and you don’t already listen and love Coldplay, I recommend highly. It helps. It heals. You may never think that music could change your life in such a drastic way, but it can. It could even save your life. I could never even begin to thank Guy, Chris, Johnny or Will. But if I could I would start with thanking them for being a part of my life. Even while they didnt know I existed, they still found a way to thousands of fans hearts.

Title Militant Monks The Knights Templar, A Military Order Of Monks A

Title: Militant Monks The Knights Templar, a military order of monks answerable only to the Pope himself, were founded in 1118. Their primary responsibility, at least initially, was to provide protection to Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land. They rose in power, both religious and secular, to become one of the richest and most powerful entities in Christendom. By the time of their disbandment in 1307, this highly secretive organization controlled vast wealth, a fleet of merchant ships, and castles and estates spanning the entire Mediterranean area. When the crusaders captured Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1099, the Church encouraged all faithful Christians to visit that holy city in order to affirm their faith. The area, however, was still subject to sporadic attacks from various non-Christian factions. A small group of knights, led by Hugh de Payens, vowed to protect the pilgrims. The group was granted quasi-official status by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem, who al lowed them quarters in a wing of the royal palace near the Temple of Solomon. It is from this initial posting that the order derived its name. They took the standard vows of poverty, chastity and obedience and were bound to the rules of the Augustinian order. [Upton-Ward 1] The order languished in near-anonimity for several years, despite generous contributions from various European personages. In 1126, Count Hugh of Champagne, having donated his estates to Bernard of Clairvaux for use in building a monestary for the Cistercian order, arrived in Jerusalem to join the Templars. This action indirectly obligated Bernard to support the newly chosen advocacy of his benefactor. He wrote to the count, "If, for God's work, you have changed yourself from count to knight and from rich to poor, I congratulate you." [Howarth 49] In the year 1126, King Baldwin found two reasons for wanting official recognition of the order. First, he had, perhaps prematurely, bestowed upon Hugh de Payens the title of Master of the Temple. Second, the king had the opportunity to launch an attack on the city of Damascus, but he needed more knights. Papal recognition would allow open recruiting in Europe for the order. King Baldwin sent a letter to Bernard of Clairvaux, the order's primary patron, later known as Saint Bernard, asking him to petition the Pope for official recognition of the order. [Howarth 50-51] The King's letter was hand-carried to Bernard by two loyal and trusted knights, Andrew de Montbard, maternally related to Bernard, and Gondemare. Upon their arrival at Clairvaux, the two knights presented Bernard with Baldwin's letter, which came right to the point. [Upton-Ward 3] "The brothers Templar, whom God has raised up for the defence of our province and to whom he has accorded special protection, desire to receive apostolic approval and also their own Rule of life ... Since we know well the weight of your intercession with God and also with His Vicar and with the oth er princes of Europe, we give into your care this two-fold mission, whose success will be very welcome to us. Let the constitution of the Templars be such as is suitable for men who live in the clash and tumult of war, and yet of a kind which will be acceptable to the Christian princes, of whom they have been the valuable auxiliaries. So far as in you lies and if God pleases, strive to bring this matter to a speedy and successful issue." [qtd. in Howarth 50-51] Bernard realized at once the genius of the proposal to combine religious and military endeavors. Through such organizations, the borders of Christendom could be extended and fortified. He immediately granted his approval of the plan and pledged his full support. He petitioned Pope Honorius II for a special council to consider the matter, and he notified Hugh of his actions. [Howarth 51] The Council of Troyes convened on January 13, 1128, a bitterly cold Saint Hilary's Day, for the primary purpose of considering the re quest of the Knights Templar. Despite the delays of written communications, Hugh de Payens, accompanied by several brother knights, arrived from the Holy Land in time to attend the meetings of the Council. [Howarth 51] William of Tyre wrote an account of the events: Title Militant Monks The Knights Templar, A Military Order Of Monks A Title: Militant Monks The Knights Templar, a military order of monks answerable only to the Pope himself, were founded in 1118. Their primary responsibility, at least initially, was to provide protection to Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land. They rose in power, both religious and secular, to become one of the richest and most powerful entities in Christendom. By the time of their disbandment in 1307, this highly secretive organization controlled vast wealth, a fleet of merchant ships, and castles and estates spanning the entire Mediterranean area. When the crusaders captured Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1099, the Church encouraged all faithful Christians to visit that holy city in order to affirm their faith. The area, however, was still subject to sporadic attacks from various non-Christian factions. A small group of knights, led by Hugh de Payens, vowed to protect the pilgrims. The group was granted quasi-official status by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem, who al lowed them quarters in a wing of the royal palace near the Temple of Solomon. It is from this initial posting that the order derived its name. They took the standard vows of poverty, chastity and obedience and were bound to the rules of the Augustinian order. [Upton-Ward 1] The order languished in near-anonimity for several years, despite generous contributions from various European personages. In 1126, Count Hugh of Champagne, having donated his estates to Bernard of Clairvaux for use in building a monestary for the Cistercian order, arrived in Jerusalem to join the Templars. This action indirectly obligated Bernard to support the newly chosen advocacy of his benefactor. He wrote to the count, "If, for God's work, you have changed yourself from count to knight and from rich to poor, I congratulate you." [Howarth 49] In the year 1126, King Baldwin found two reasons for wanting official recognition of the order. First, he had, perhaps prematurely, bestowed upon Hugh de Payens the title of Master of the Temple. Second, the king had the opportunity to launch an attack on the city of Damascus, but he needed more knights. Papal recognition would allow open recruiting in Europe for the order. King Baldwin sent a letter to Bernard of Clairvaux, the order's primary patron, later known as Saint Bernard, asking him to petition the Pope for official recognition of the order. [Howarth 50-51] The King's letter was hand-carried to Bernard by two loyal and trusted knights, Andrew de Montbard, maternally related to Bernard, and Gondemare. Upon their arrival at Clairvaux, the two knights presented Bernard with Baldwin's letter, which came right to the point. [Upton-Ward 3] "The brothers Templar, whom God has raised up for the defence of our province and to whom he has accorded special protection, desire to receive apostolic approval and also their own Rule of life ... Since we know well the weight of your intercession with God and also with His Vicar and with the oth er princes of Europe, we give into your care this two-fold mission, whose success will be very welcome to us. Let the constitution of the Templars be such as is suitable for men who live in the clash and tumult of war, and yet of a kind which will be acceptable to the Christian princes, of whom they have been the valuable auxiliaries. So far as in you lies and if God pleases, strive to bring this matter to a speedy and successful issue." [qtd. in Howarth 50-51] Bernard realized at once the genius of the proposal to combine religious and military endeavors. Through such organizations, the borders of Christendom could be extended and fortified. He immediately granted his approval of the plan and pledged his full support. He petitioned Pope Honorius II for a special council to consider the matter, and he notified Hugh of his actions. [Howarth 51] The Council of Troyes convened on January 13, 1128, a bitterly cold Saint Hilary's Day, for the primary purpose of considering the re quest of the Knights Templar. Despite the delays of written communications, Hugh de Payens, accompanied by several brother knights, arrived from the Holy Land in time to attend the meetings of the Council. [Howarth 51] William of Tyre wrote an account of the events: