Gender Equality in Pakistan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1350 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Society Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Gender Essay Did you like this example? GENDER EQUALITY IN PAKISTAN Women representation in business management has been the focus of public debates for years. But in Pakistan this has only recently started to occur. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s world, the work force in most countries gives opportunities for women as much as they give for men. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gender Equality in Pakistan" essay for you Create order In European culture gender diversity is taken as a value-driver in organizational strategy and corporate governance. And this has become a challenging topic in the recent times. A higher ratio of female workers with in the firm will result in increased firm value, productivity and profitability. In Pakistan the amount of women involved in the work force is relatively low. This essay will highlight the women representation in business management in Pakistan. Pakistan currently ranks the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s second-worst country in terms of gender in equality. Womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s struggle for empowerment has been an issue in Pakistan since the old days, which is still not over. We turn the focus on women because they have traditionally been the marginalized gender in countries like Pakistan. Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) in partnership with Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) undertook a Country Gender Profile study with a purpose to understand t he overall status of women and men from gender equality perspective. The period in focus is from 1999 to 2007. The aim was to analyze the environmental, socio cultural context, traditions and human behaviors that have an impact on how gender inequality occurs in Pakistan. (Pakistan: Country Gender Profile, July2008, Jica, SDPI,,https://www.jica.go.jp/pakistan/english/office/others/pdf/CGP_01.pdf). From studies carried out in Pakistan education was highlighted as one of the major reasons for the gap between male and female workers. The education system in Pakistan still suffers form problems like low public spending and poverty. The poor conditions of public schools in Pakistan leads to most parents keeping their kids specially the females form going out. Staying at home becomes a lifestyle at some point. A vast majority of the women in rural areas are involved in house hold work and in agricultural activities as unpaid family work. This is because of the less opportunities for th e women in these areas to find work. Also because most females do not have the qualifications required to start working. Which takes us back to the lack of education. Female ownership of an important asset or land is a rare thing in Pakistan. Laws have been made in the past years to allow women to work but the lack of awareness and old customs stop the numbers from growing. In the recent years women involved in the work force have increased in number but their voices are never heard on debates. Another reason for females not coming out to work is lack of support for them by the managers. Maternity leaves are not easily given which makes it hard for women to hold on to their jobs and are forced out. Although according to the law women have to be given 12 months of maternity leave with a 100% wage by their employers. But since most companies do not really provide the required cooperation females prefer to stay home and not work at all. The unemployment rate in Pakistan gets higher by every age group. They are the last ones to get a job and the first ones to loose it. And ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s been like that since the old days. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The figure above shows the primary school gross enrollment rate between Males and Females in Pakistan. Although the numbers change very little between the years the number of females who get enrolled in primary school is really less compared to the number of males. This shows that the gap between education is also high which leads to less females getting the chance to work in the top firmsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  As per the latest Human Development rankings, 2007/2008, Pakistan, with the HDI ranking of 136 out of a total of 177 countries, comes under the band of MHDC.(Pakistan:CountryGenderProfile,July2008,Jica,SDPI,,https://www.jica.go.jp/pakistan/english/office/others/pdf/CGP_01.pdf). Pakistan is also on the Global gender Gap statistics top 10 worst countries in terms of the equality in the work force. For women, the Isl amic Republic of Pakistan is one of the worst of countries to live in. There are only two other countries worse off than is Pakistan, which are Yemen and Chad. IN terms of under economic participation, Pakistan is ranked 126 out of 128. In statistics collected from Educational attainment Pakistan is ranked, 123 out of 128. Health facilities, 121 out of 128. Political empowerment, 43 out of 128. Surprisingly, Pakistani women are worse off this year than they were last year (https://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp? id=107809). These figures can be improved and in the past few years the Pakistani government has taken a few steps to make a change. Five new women centers were established and a program was held to help young females in Pakistan spreading awareness about how they have the opportunity of working in big firms. It training was carried out for elected women councilors with in the local government. All these plans and policies carried out by the Government have been put to work to ensure that status of women is improved in the country. In addition to this National Policy for the Development and Empowerment has been developed in 2002. Which gave the chance for many NGOs to come and work in Pakistan to spread awareness among young and adult females who are keep to work in the top companies but didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t get a chance due to the small things that are holding them back. Norms restricting womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s mobility are closely linked to issues of purdah and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“izzatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (honor) (Mumtaz and Salway (2005)). This has also been of the main reasons why women are holding back and prefer to stay home rather than work. Most of the women say that streets are not safe enough for them to be active out side their homes in a survey done in Pakistan. Improvements can be made to reduce criminal activity and violence with in the city in order to encourage more women to go and work. Companies can make their firms more invit ing and make the work place female friendly so that women will get more interested in joining the firms. A good start can be by offering them senior positions as much as men are offered. Making the working hours flexible by allowing work to be done at home can be a good change too. Last but not least making the maternity leave easy for female workers. This has been a big problem in Pakistan but it can be easily improved by introducing a more flexible procedure to be followed for when they need the maternity leave. By providing them with more options. The government of Pakistan is continuously trying to balance the low academic standards by encouraging primary education and educating the young population on the available opportunities. However, the old customs followed in the country is what stops the process from improving. This situation can be made better by introducing new laws, which enforce both genders to finish school up to some extent. The country as a whole has to try an d improve their rankings on the gender equality charts. REFERENCES D. S. Langdon, T. M. McMenamin and T. J. Krolik, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“US Labor Market in 2001: Economy Enters a Recession,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Monthly Labor Review, Vol. 125, No. 2, 2002, pp. 3-33. Bergen Von, B. Soper and J. A. Parnell, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Workforce Diversity and Organizational Performance,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Equal Opportunities International, Vol. 24, No. 3-4, 2005, pp. 1-16 Z. Burgess and P. Tharenou, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Women Board Directors: Characteristics of the Few,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 37, No. 1, 2002, pp. 39-49. doi:10.1023/A:1014726001155 A. J. Hillman, A. A. Canella and I. C. Harris, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Women and Racial Minorities in the Boardroom: How Do Directors Differ?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Journal of Management, Vol. 28, No. 6, 2002, pp. 747-763. C. Daily, S. Certo and D. Dalton, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A Decade of Corporate Women: Some Progress in the Boardroom, None in the Executive Suite,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1, 1999, pp. 93-99. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199901)20:1lt;93::AID-SMJ18gt;3.0.CO;2-7

The Problem Of Child Abuse - 1388 Words

Child Abuse Community Agency To solve the problem we must first understand it. As a young person I believe that the issue of child abuse needs to be addressed. It is crucial for society to comprehend the extensive problems that it causes and how it impacts people. Child abuse is the physical, sexual or emotional maltreatment or neglect of a child or children. Anything deliberately to hurt a child or young person physically, sexually, emotionally or psychologically is child abuse. The five subtypes that can be distinguished in this definition are; physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and neglect. Neglect is usually overlooked by many but it refers to the failure to provide for a child’s basic needs, including failure to provide adequate food, shelter, clothing, supervision, hygiene or medical attention. Neglectful behaviours could be physical, emotional, educational or environmental (Child Family Community Australia, 2012). These forms of abuse can occur anywhere where the child is in contact or has interactions with other people like. It predominantly occurs in the child’s home and exposure to abuse also harms children. Child abuse affects, the child being maltreated, families, schools and the community. When a child is maltreated their behaviour can become aggressive, they can be irritable and that can be difficult for teachers because if the child is disconnected from their education, they can have hard time fitting in and not enjoy their time atShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Child Abuse1134 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowing paper is about Child Abuse. This paper will look into the description of the problem, the policies that has helped solved the problem, involvement in resolving the problem, and person recommendations on changing the approach of the problem. Description of the Problem/History Child abuse is a form of any sexual activity that a child doesn’t give consent to. 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The baby boomerRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse880 Words   |  4 PagesThese are activities that are targeted at members of the community and general population with the aim to raise awareness about the problems of child abuse. It involves an approach that targets helping families and children before child abuse occurs and not intervening after the harm has been don e. This is very essential as every child deserves to grow up and be nurtured in an environment that is safe and stable which helps in the child’s total development such as the physical, emotional, cognitiveRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Abuse1945 Words   |  8 Pagescare for them. Samantha had completing the 11th grade and during the summer before her senior year of High School, she realized she was pregnant again. This time Samantha was pregnant with triplets. This time she lost two babies and the remaining child was at risk of autism. The doctors discovered that the babies’ brain wasn’t developing as it should be. 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Coldplay by Coldplay free essay sample

My state of sadness brought me to what is now something so dear and close to my heart. Coldplay Music would pull me out of the black hole I felt like I was living and disappearing through and into world of my own that I adored. It was quiet, yet so loud. Almost like on the first day of school when there is that one class that you just don’t know anybody in and you feel so lonely in such a crowded room. It is a sand paper kind of feeling; rough. â€Å"Life goes on it gets so heavy† This one lyric shouts a million different things to me. There is a reason for life. Times will get hard. You will want to give up. Never end something worthwhile for something temporary. Life goes on. Sometimes I feel as if I may not be where I am today, or even here if It wasnt for Chris, Johnny, Will and Guy. We will write a custom essay sample on Coldplay by Coldplay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They have been inside of me, in my heart for so long and they are taped and stapled on me. Their music will forever be stuck in my head. Not the bad kind of stuck in your head like that one annoying song that your favorite radio station plays on repeat, but the kind that is stuck in my head to keep me on my feet; to keep me from sinking, tripping back into my black hole. For me my conscious was pushed over and it now shares itself with Coldplay’s lyrics. â€Å"Look at the stars, look how they shine for you† You are beautiful I feel as though this song was made for girls in general. Every girl goes through that one point in their lives that completely turns them upside down, tears them apart, and makes them feel Ugly. Worthless. Lonely. Oh, how I despise those words. Yet through those sand paper kinds of times, there is always somebody pulling their hair out, screaming that you are beautiful, nothing close to worthless, and the farthest thing away from lonely. Some may choose to listen while some may choose to turn away. If you feel like anything these lyrics are describing, and you don’t already listen and love Coldplay, I recommend highly. It helps. It heals. You may never think that music could change your life in such a drastic way, but it can. It could even save your life. I could never even begin to thank Guy, Chris, Johnny or Will. But if I could I would start with thanking them for being a part of my life. Even while they didnt know I existed, they still found a way to thousands of fans hearts.

Title Militant Monks The Knights Templar, A Military Order Of Monks A

Title: Militant Monks The Knights Templar, a military order of monks answerable only to the Pope himself, were founded in 1118. Their primary responsibility, at least initially, was to provide protection to Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land. They rose in power, both religious and secular, to become one of the richest and most powerful entities in Christendom. By the time of their disbandment in 1307, this highly secretive organization controlled vast wealth, a fleet of merchant ships, and castles and estates spanning the entire Mediterranean area. When the crusaders captured Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1099, the Church encouraged all faithful Christians to visit that holy city in order to affirm their faith. The area, however, was still subject to sporadic attacks from various non-Christian factions. A small group of knights, led by Hugh de Payens, vowed to protect the pilgrims. The group was granted quasi-official status by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem, who al lowed them quarters in a wing of the royal palace near the Temple of Solomon. It is from this initial posting that the order derived its name. They took the standard vows of poverty, chastity and obedience and were bound to the rules of the Augustinian order. [Upton-Ward 1] The order languished in near-anonimity for several years, despite generous contributions from various European personages. In 1126, Count Hugh of Champagne, having donated his estates to Bernard of Clairvaux for use in building a monestary for the Cistercian order, arrived in Jerusalem to join the Templars. This action indirectly obligated Bernard to support the newly chosen advocacy of his benefactor. He wrote to the count, "If, for God's work, you have changed yourself from count to knight and from rich to poor, I congratulate you." [Howarth 49] In the year 1126, King Baldwin found two reasons for wanting official recognition of the order. First, he had, perhaps prematurely, bestowed upon Hugh de Payens the title of Master of the Temple. Second, the king had the opportunity to launch an attack on the city of Damascus, but he needed more knights. Papal recognition would allow open recruiting in Europe for the order. King Baldwin sent a letter to Bernard of Clairvaux, the order's primary patron, later known as Saint Bernard, asking him to petition the Pope for official recognition of the order. [Howarth 50-51] The King's letter was hand-carried to Bernard by two loyal and trusted knights, Andrew de Montbard, maternally related to Bernard, and Gondemare. Upon their arrival at Clairvaux, the two knights presented Bernard with Baldwin's letter, which came right to the point. [Upton-Ward 3] "The brothers Templar, whom God has raised up for the defence of our province and to whom he has accorded special protection, desire to receive apostolic approval and also their own Rule of life ... Since we know well the weight of your intercession with God and also with His Vicar and with the oth er princes of Europe, we give into your care this two-fold mission, whose success will be very welcome to us. Let the constitution of the Templars be such as is suitable for men who live in the clash and tumult of war, and yet of a kind which will be acceptable to the Christian princes, of whom they have been the valuable auxiliaries. So far as in you lies and if God pleases, strive to bring this matter to a speedy and successful issue." [qtd. in Howarth 50-51] Bernard realized at once the genius of the proposal to combine religious and military endeavors. Through such organizations, the borders of Christendom could be extended and fortified. He immediately granted his approval of the plan and pledged his full support. He petitioned Pope Honorius II for a special council to consider the matter, and he notified Hugh of his actions. [Howarth 51] The Council of Troyes convened on January 13, 1128, a bitterly cold Saint Hilary's Day, for the primary purpose of considering the re quest of the Knights Templar. Despite the delays of written communications, Hugh de Payens, accompanied by several brother knights, arrived from the Holy Land in time to attend the meetings of the Council. [Howarth 51] William of Tyre wrote an account of the events: Title Militant Monks The Knights Templar, A Military Order Of Monks A Title: Militant Monks The Knights Templar, a military order of monks answerable only to the Pope himself, were founded in 1118. Their primary responsibility, at least initially, was to provide protection to Christians making pilgrimages to the Holy Land. They rose in power, both religious and secular, to become one of the richest and most powerful entities in Christendom. By the time of their disbandment in 1307, this highly secretive organization controlled vast wealth, a fleet of merchant ships, and castles and estates spanning the entire Mediterranean area. When the crusaders captured Jerusalem from the Muslims in 1099, the Church encouraged all faithful Christians to visit that holy city in order to affirm their faith. The area, however, was still subject to sporadic attacks from various non-Christian factions. A small group of knights, led by Hugh de Payens, vowed to protect the pilgrims. The group was granted quasi-official status by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem, who al lowed them quarters in a wing of the royal palace near the Temple of Solomon. It is from this initial posting that the order derived its name. They took the standard vows of poverty, chastity and obedience and were bound to the rules of the Augustinian order. [Upton-Ward 1] The order languished in near-anonimity for several years, despite generous contributions from various European personages. In 1126, Count Hugh of Champagne, having donated his estates to Bernard of Clairvaux for use in building a monestary for the Cistercian order, arrived in Jerusalem to join the Templars. This action indirectly obligated Bernard to support the newly chosen advocacy of his benefactor. He wrote to the count, "If, for God's work, you have changed yourself from count to knight and from rich to poor, I congratulate you." [Howarth 49] In the year 1126, King Baldwin found two reasons for wanting official recognition of the order. First, he had, perhaps prematurely, bestowed upon Hugh de Payens the title of Master of the Temple. Second, the king had the opportunity to launch an attack on the city of Damascus, but he needed more knights. Papal recognition would allow open recruiting in Europe for the order. King Baldwin sent a letter to Bernard of Clairvaux, the order's primary patron, later known as Saint Bernard, asking him to petition the Pope for official recognition of the order. [Howarth 50-51] The King's letter was hand-carried to Bernard by two loyal and trusted knights, Andrew de Montbard, maternally related to Bernard, and Gondemare. Upon their arrival at Clairvaux, the two knights presented Bernard with Baldwin's letter, which came right to the point. [Upton-Ward 3] "The brothers Templar, whom God has raised up for the defence of our province and to whom he has accorded special protection, desire to receive apostolic approval and also their own Rule of life ... Since we know well the weight of your intercession with God and also with His Vicar and with the oth er princes of Europe, we give into your care this two-fold mission, whose success will be very welcome to us. Let the constitution of the Templars be such as is suitable for men who live in the clash and tumult of war, and yet of a kind which will be acceptable to the Christian princes, of whom they have been the valuable auxiliaries. So far as in you lies and if God pleases, strive to bring this matter to a speedy and successful issue." [qtd. in Howarth 50-51] Bernard realized at once the genius of the proposal to combine religious and military endeavors. Through such organizations, the borders of Christendom could be extended and fortified. He immediately granted his approval of the plan and pledged his full support. He petitioned Pope Honorius II for a special council to consider the matter, and he notified Hugh of his actions. [Howarth 51] The Council of Troyes convened on January 13, 1128, a bitterly cold Saint Hilary's Day, for the primary purpose of considering the re quest of the Knights Templar. Despite the delays of written communications, Hugh de Payens, accompanied by several brother knights, arrived from the Holy Land in time to attend the meetings of the Council. [Howarth 51] William of Tyre wrote an account of the events: